In GIS, what does the term "vector data" typically refer to?

In GIS, the term "vector data" specifically refers to the representation of spatial features using points, lines, and polygons. These elements are used to model the geometric shapes of real-world entities. Points can represent discrete locations, such as a city or a landmark. Lines are used to illustrate linear features, such as roads or rivers, while polygons can depict areas, such as lakes, parks, or land parcels.

This format allows for precise representation of geographic features and supports a range of applications, such as analyzing spatial relationships and performing overlays or queries on geographic data. Vector data is highly effective for managing discrete features and works well with attribute data that can be associated with these geometries, enhancing the overall utility and functionality of GIS.

Other options represent different types of data in GIS, but do not embody the essence of vector data. For instance, data points gathered from sensors relates more to sensor-based measurements rather than geometric representation. A reference framework for mapping refers to coordinate systems that provide context for positioning but doesn't define data representation. Digital raster images pertain to pixel-based data where information is represented through a grid, lacking the precise geometrical structure that characterizes vector data.