Which aspect of RADAR technology specifically measures the strength of returned signals?

The correct choice focuses on the aspect of RADAR technology that involves analyzing the signals reflected back to the receiver. Detection is particularly important as it encompasses the identification of targets by recognizing the signals that return to the RADAR system after bouncing off objects in the environment. This process involves assessing the strength of these returned signals, which is critical for determining the presence, distance, size, and characteristics of targets.

When assessing the strength of returned signals, it allows operators to discern between different objects and understand their dimensions and proximity. This information is vital for various applications such as air traffic control, maritime navigation, and military surveillance, where distinguishing between different types of returns can determine the response or action taken.

While signal processing, mapping, and calibration are all relevant components of RADAR functionality, they serve different purposes. Signal processing deals more with the enhancement and interpretation of the received signals. Mapping involves creating visual representations based on detected data, whereas calibration refers to the adjustment of RADAR systems to ensure accuracy in measurements and outputs. These aspects work in conjunction, but it is detection that directly pertains to measuring the strength of the returned signals.